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Abstract
Objective: To analyze three technological packages for maize production (Zea mays L.) in Huandacareo, Michoacán, Mexico, during the Spring-Summer 2016 agricultural cycle, in order to determine the one that offers high productivity and positive profitability, while preserving the environment and generating a positive social impact, in a context of sustainability.
Design/methodology/approach: A sample of 10% from a population of 238 producers was obtained, applying 24 surveys randomly. Productivity was measured as yield in ha?1; profitability, through the benefit/cost ratio of the current flow of income and costs; sustainability was evaluated through three attributes: economic viability, social acceptability and environmental sustainability.
Results: High productivity and positive profitability were found for the two conventional technologies, which are harmful to the environment and of low social impact; and low productivity and negative profitability for the alternative technology, which is friendly to the environment and has a high social impact.
Study limitations/implications: The results are valid for the analyzed S-S cycle; in addition, the profitability analysis could be improved with a market study that evaluates the possibility of obtaining a premium for organic maize.
Findings/conclusions: None of these technologies meet all the attributes to be sustainable. However, the alternative technological package can generate a sustainable maize production if: its productivity is increased, a surcharge for organic grain is obtained, and the period of transition between conventional and organic production is shortened.
